Exfo PSO-200 Optical Modulation Analyzer Bedienungsanleitung Seite 1

User GuideOptical Modulation AnalyzerPSO-200

Introducing the PSO-200 Optical Modulation Analyzer2 PSO-200Main FeaturesThe PSO-200 Optical Modulation Analyzer has the following features: Fully cu

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox92 PSO-200Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxGearbox Configuration File LayoutA Gearbox conf

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 93Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxDefinition SectionThis sect

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox94 PSO-200Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxBit Symbol Mapping SectionDepending on the modu

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 95Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxFrom the previous example,

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox96 PSO-200Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxThe second column represents the bit delay. In

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 97Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxTo set or import the Gearbo

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox98 PSO-200Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxSymbol Coordinates SectionThe third section of

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 99Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxThe PSO-200 default impleme

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox100 PSO-200Using PRBS or User-Defined Bit Patterns with the GearboxUsing PRBS or User-Defined Bit Patterns with th

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 101Using PRBS or User-Defined Bit Patterns with the Gearbox6. Select the Length of the

Introducing the PSO-200 Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 3ConventionsConventionsBefore using the product described in this guide

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox102 PSO-200Using PRBS or User-Defined Bit Patterns with the GearboxTo import, edit and apply a custom bit pattern:

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 103Using PRBS or User-Defined Bit Patterns with the Gearbox7. For each stream listed,

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox104 PSO-200Exporting Gearbox SetupsExporting Gearbox SetupsAfter you have defined a full Gearbox setup in the Opti

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 105Obtaining and Using Bit/Symbol Error RatesObtaining and Using Bit/Symbol Error Rate

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox106 PSO-200Obtaining and Using Bit/Symbol Error RatesThe application displays a BER for each polarization of the s

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 107Obtaining and Using Bit/Symbol Error RatesThe expected pattern graph always overlay

Optical Modulation Analyzer 1099 Post-Processing and Reanalyzing DataInstalling and Using the Application on a ComputerYou can install the application

Post-Processing and Reanalyzing Data110 PSO-200Installing and Using the Application on a Computer4. Read and accept the licence agreement, then click

Post-Processing and Reanalyzing DataOptical Modulation Analyzer 111Installing and Activating Software OptionsInstalling and Activating Software Option

Post-Processing and Reanalyzing Data112 PSO-200Installing and Activating Software OptionsTo generate the Identification file for your unit or computer

Post-Processing and Reanalyzing DataOptical Modulation Analyzer 113Exporting DataExporting DataYou can export PSO-200 data and results to comma-separa

Post-Processing and Reanalyzing Data114 PSO-200Copying Graph and Measurements to ClipboardTo export the data:1. From the File menu, select Export, the

Post-Processing and Reanalyzing DataOptical Modulation Analyzer 115Reanalyzing Acquisitions with New SettingsReanalyzing Acquisitions with New Setting

Post-Processing and Reanalyzing Data116 PSO-200Reverting to Original FileReverting to Original FileWhen working on a file, you might want to discard y

Optical Modulation Analyzer 11710 MaintenanceTo help ensure long, trouble-free operation: Always inspect fiber-optic connectors before using them and

Maintenance118 PSO-200Cleaning EUI ConnectorsTo clean EUI connectors:1. Remove the EUI from the instrument to expose the connector baseplate and ferru

MaintenanceOptical Modulation Analyzer 119Recycling and Disposal (Applies to European Union Only)6. Clean the ferrule in the connector port as follows

Optical Modulation Analyzer 12111 TroubleshootingSolving Common ProblemsHere are a few common situations you might have to deal with: The burst numbe

Optical Modulation Analyzer 52 Safety InformationLaser Safety InformationYour instrument is a Class 1 laser product in compliance with standards IEC 6

Troubleshooting122 PSO-200Solving Phase Tracking IssuesSolving Phase Tracking IssuesPhase tracking issues (cycle slips) typically occur for the follow

TroubleshootingOptical Modulation Analyzer 123Contacting the Technical Support GroupContacting the Technical Support GroupTo obtain after-sales servic

Troubleshooting124 PSO-200Viewing System InformationViewing System InformationWhen contacting EXFO’s technical support, you might be asked to provide

TroubleshootingOptical Modulation Analyzer 125TransportationTransportationMaintain a temperature range within specifications when transporting the uni

Optical Modulation Analyzer 12712 WarrantyGeneral InformationEXFO Inc. (EXFO) warrants this equipment against defects in material and workmanship for

Warranty128 PSO-200ExclusionsExclusionsEXFO reserves the right to make changes in the design or construction of any of its products at any time withou

WarrantyOptical Modulation Analyzer 129Service and RepairsService and RepairsEXFO commits to providing product service and repair for five years follo

Warranty130 PSO-200EXFO Service Centers WorldwideEXFO Service Centers WorldwideIf your product requires servicing, contact your nearest authorized ser

Optical Modulation Analyzer 131A Technical SpecificationsIMPORTANTThe following technical specifications can change without notice. The information pr

Safety Information6 PSO-200Electrical Safety InformationElectrical Safety InformationThis unit uses an international safety standard three-wire power

Optical Modulation Analyzer 133B SCPI Commands ReferenceThis appendix presents detailed information on the commands and queries supplied with your PSO

SCPI Commands Reference134 PSO-200Quick Reference Command TreeSRATe? 155BDURation <Integer>,POI 156VALue? 157UNIT? 158RECording LENGth <Lengt

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 135Quick Reference Command TreeSENSe ROSCillator SOURce TYPe INTernal|EXTernal 184TYPe? 185DDEMod M

SCPI Commands Reference136 PSO-200Quick Reference Command TreeLOAD GEARbox STReam 16QAM|APSK|BPSK|DP-16QAM|DP-APSK|DP-BPSK|DP-OOK|DP-QPSK|OOK|QPSK,One

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 137Quick Reference Command TreeRES? 228CDIS ENABle 229ENABle? 230VAL 231VAL? 232SIGNal ENCoding 233

SCPI Commands Reference138 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionProduct-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:LOAD:TRACeDescription This comman

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 139Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:STORe:TRACeDescription This command saves a measur

SCPI Commands Reference140 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:STORe:TRACe:DATADescription This command exports a measurement in the

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 141Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:STATeDescription This command sets th

Safety InformationOptical Modulation Analyzer 7Electrical Safety InformationThe color coding used in the electric cable depends on the cable. New plug

SCPI Commands Reference142 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:STATe?Description This query returns the average mode sta

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 143Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:COUNtDescription This command sets th

SCPI Commands Reference144 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:COUNt?Description This query returns the number of bursts

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 145Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:TCONtrolDescription This command sets

SCPI Commands Reference146 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionNotes When averaging is on and the number of scans is less than or equal to the

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 147Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:TCONtrol?Description This query retur

SCPI Commands Reference148 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:MODulationDescription This command sets the digital communication

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 149Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionBPSK, selects Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) as the modul

SCPI Commands Reference150 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionDP-QPSK, selects Differential Quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) as the modul

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 151Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:MODulation?Description This query returns the

Safety Information8 PSO-200Electrical Safety InformationThe following label is located on the back panel of the unit:Equipment RatingsTemperature Ope

SCPI Commands Reference152 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionDP-BPSK, Differential Quadrature Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) as the modula

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 153Product-Specific Commands—Description16QAM, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM16) as the modul

SCPI Commands Reference154 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SRATeDescription This command sets the symbol rate (symbols per s

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 155Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SRATe?Description This query returns the symb

SCPI Commands Reference156 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:BDURationDescription This command sets the burst duration in term

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 157Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:BDURation:VALue?Description This query return

SCPI Commands Reference158 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:BDURation:UNIT?Description This query returns the unit of the bur

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 159Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:RECording:LENGthDescription This command sets the am

SCPI Commands Reference160 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:RECording:LENGth:VALue?Description This query returns the integer value

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 161Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:RECording:LENGth:UNIT?Description This query returns

Optical Modulation Analyzer 93 Getting Started with Your Optical Modulation AnalyzerInstalling the EXFO Universal Interface (EUI)The EUI fixed basepla

SCPI Commands Reference162 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:INITiateDescription This command starts recording the bursts.This command is n

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 163Product-Specific Commands—Description:ABORtDescription This command stops recording the bursts.T

SCPI Commands Reference164 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:READ:DDEMod?Description This query reads the entire (current) measurement and

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 165Product-Specific Commands—Description:READ:DDEMod:DATA[n]?Description This query reads a burst (

SCPI Commands Reference166 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:READ:DDEMod:AVERage?Description This query reads the average results and retur

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 167Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:DATA[n]:TABLe:NAMes?Description This quer

SCPI Commands Reference168 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:DATA[n]:TABLe?Description This query reads the entire table o

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 169Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionResponse(s) List: The response data syntax for <List>

SCPI Commands Reference170 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:AVERage:TABLe?Description This query reads the average entrie

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 171Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionResponse(s) List: The response data syntax for <List>

Getting Started with Your Optical Modulation Analyzer10 PSO-200Cleaning and Connecting Optical FibersCleaning and Connecting Optical FibersTo connect

SCPI Commands Reference172 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:MINimum:TABLe?Description This query reads the minimum entrie

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 173Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionResponse(s) List: The response data syntax for <List>

SCPI Commands Reference174 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:MAXimum:TABLe?Description This query reads the maximum entri

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 175Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionResponse(s) List: The response data syntax for <List>

SCPI Commands Reference176 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:DATA[n]:VECTor?Description This query returns the output buff

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 177Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionResponse(s) List: The response data syntax for <List>

SCPI Commands Reference178 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:DATA[n]:VECTor:POINts?Description This query returns the numb

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 179Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionResponse(s) List: The response data syntax for <List>

SCPI Commands Reference180 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:DATA[n]:RAW[c]?Description Return in the output buffer the Ra

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 181Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:ERRor:VECTor?Description This query retur

Getting Started with Your Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 11Cleaning and Connecting Optical Fibers3. Carefully align the connec

SCPI Commands Reference182 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:CALCulate:DDEMod:ERRor:VECTor:INDex?Description This query returns the Error l

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 183Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionResponse(s) Error List: The response data syntax for <Er

SCPI Commands Reference184 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:ROSCillator:SOURce:TYPeDescription This command sets the frequency refer

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 185Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:ROSCillator:SOURce:TYPe?Description This query retur

SCPI Commands Reference186 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:MASK:NAMeDescription This command sets the Mask Name of the digit

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 187Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:MASK:NAMe?Description This query returns the

SCPI Commands Reference188 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:MASK:STATeDescription This command enables and disables the Mask

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 189Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:MASK:STATe?Description This query returns the

SCPI Commands Reference190 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:FILTer:TYPeDescription This command sets the filter Type of the o

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 191Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:FILTer:TYPe?Description This query returns th

ii PSO-200Copyright © 2010–2013 EXFO Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmit

Getting Started with Your Optical Modulation Analyzer12 PSO-200Starting and Exiting the Optical Modulation Analyzer ApplicationStarting and Exiting th

SCPI Commands Reference192 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:FILTer:CUTFrequencyDescription This command sets the FilterCutFre

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 193Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:FILTer:CUTFrequency?Description This query re

SCPI Commands Reference194 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:FILTer:ORDerDescription This command sets the Filter order of the

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 195Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:FILTer:ORDer?Description This query returns t

SCPI Commands Reference196 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:WINDow:UPPerboundDescription This command sets the measurement fo

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 197Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:WINDow:UPPerbound?Description This query retu

SCPI Commands Reference198 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:WINDow:LOWerboundDescription This command sets the measurement fo

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 199Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:WINDow:LOWerbound?Description This query retu

SCPI Commands Reference200 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:WINDow:AMPLitudeDescription This command sets the measurement val

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 201Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:WINDow:AMPLitude?Description This query retur

Optical Modulation Analyzer 134 Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerYou should start by setting parameters on the PSO-200 so that acquisitions a

SCPI Commands Reference202 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:LOAD:GEARbox:SETupDescription This command sets the file for the GearB

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 203Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:STORe:GEARbox:SETupDescription This command sets t

SCPI Commands Reference204 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:LOAD:GEARbox:STReamDescription This command sets the GearBox Stream Al

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 205Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionDP-APSK, selects DP-APSK as the string modulation format fo

SCPI Commands Reference206 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionDualXYStreams, selects DualXYStreams as the Gear box layout for the GearBox Str

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 207Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:STORe:GEARbox:STReamDescription This command sets

SCPI Commands Reference208 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionDP-APSK, selects DP-APSK as the string modulation format for the GearBox Stream

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 209Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionDualXYStreams, selects DualXYStreams as the Gear box layout

SCPI Commands Reference210 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SYNC:SWORd:PTYPeDescription This command sets the BitPatternType.

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 211Product-Specific Commands—DescriptionUserDefinedBitPattern, selects UserDefinedBitPattern as Bit

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer14 PSO-200Configuring the Input Signal Bit format (RZ or NRZ): this should be used according to the pulse c

SCPI Commands Reference212 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SYNC:SWORd:PTYPe?Description This query returns the BitPatternTyp

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 213Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SYNC:SWORd:PLENgthDescription This command se

SCPI Commands Reference214 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SYNC:SWORd:PLENgth?Description This query returns the BitPattern

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 215Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:LOAD:PATTernDescription This command sets the Bit

SCPI Commands Reference216 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:MMEMory:STORe:PATTernDescription This command sets the Bit Pattern.This comman

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 217Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:LEARnpatternDescription This command enables

SCPI Commands Reference218 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:LEARnpattern?Description This query enables the “Waveform estima

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 219Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:ROSCillator:SOURce:PHASecalibrationDescription This

SCPI Commands Reference220 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:ROSCillator:SOURce:PHASecalibration?Description This query returns the v

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 221Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:FREQuencyDescription .This command set

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 15Configuring the Input SignalTo configure the input signal type and properties:

SCPI Commands Reference222 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:FREQuency?Description This query returns the signal freque

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 223Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:OFFSetDescription This command sets an

SCPI Commands Reference224 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:OFFSet?Description This query returns an offset value of u

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 225Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:WIDThDescription This command controls

SCPI Commands Reference226 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:WIDTh?Description This query returns the speed of the IF t

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 227Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:RESDescription This command sets time

SCPI Commands Reference228 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:AVERage:RES?Description This query returns the time resolution. T

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 229Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:CDIS:ENABleDescription This command sets the

SCPI Commands Reference230 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:CDIS:ENABle?Description This query returns the chromatic dispersi

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 231Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:CDIS:VALDescription This command sets the chr

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer16 PSO-200Setting Other Acquisition ParametersSetting Other Acquisition ParametersUse the following paramete

SCPI Commands Reference232 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:CDIS:VAL?Description This query returns the chromatic dispersion

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 233Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:ENCodingDescription This command sets

SCPI Commands Reference234 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:SIGNal:ENCoding?Description This query returns the format of the

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 235Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:DEMXDescription This command sets the status

SCPI Commands Reference236 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:DEMX?Description This query returns the status of Polarization de

SCPI Commands ReferenceOptical Modulation Analyzer 237Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:IFALDescription This command sets the Interme

SCPI Commands Reference238 PSO-200Product-Specific Commands—Description:SENSe:DDEMod:IFAL?Description This query returns the Intermediate Frequency R

Optical Modulation Analyzer 239C Coherent Detection and Sampling MethodsCoherent DetectionCoherent receivers are sensitive to the optical field of the

Coherent Detection and Sampling Methods240 PSO-200Sampling MethodsThus, the detected signals correspond to the I and Q axes in the signal space. The e

Coherent Detection and Sampling MethodsOptical Modulation Analyzer 241Sampling MethodsReal-Time SamplingReal-time sampling means that a signal is acqu

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 17Setting Other Acquisition ParametersTo set the acquisition parameters:1. From

Coherent Detection and Sampling Methods242 PSO-200PSO-200 Principles of OperationThe sampling is usually conducted by sequential sampling with precise

Coherent Detection and Sampling MethodsOptical Modulation Analyzer 243PSO-200 Principles of OperationWhen the LO pulses overlap the input signal, mixi

Coherent Detection and Sampling Methods244 PSO-200Signal Processing AlgorithmsSignal Processing AlgorithmsThe signal processing algorithms of the PSO-

Coherent Detection and Sampling MethodsOptical Modulation Analyzer 245Signal Processing AlgorithmsPolarization DemultiplexingThe polarization-diversit

Coherent Detection and Sampling Methods246 PSO-200Signal Processing AlgorithmsTo reconstruct the correct time base, you must input the symbol rate to

Optical Modulation Analyzer 247D Modulation SchemesThis appendix describes modulation schemes supported by the PSO-200. All formats can be RZ (pulse c

Modulation Schemes248 PSO-200For simplicity purposes, transitions corresponding to higher-order formats are not illustrated here. The symbol mapping,

Modulation SchemesOptical Modulation Analyzer 249QPSK 2 NRZ: NRZ:RZ: RZ:APSK 3ModulationFormatBits/SymbolConstellationChartDefaultImplementationMappin

Modulation Schemes250 PSO-20016-QAM 4ModulationFormatBits/SymbolConstellationChartDefaultImplementationMappingMZM π/2MZMMZM π/2MZMIQIQX0X1X2X3AttnB3B2

Optical Modulation Analyzer 251E Measurement DefinitionsMeasurements follow the conventional measurement definitions from the telecommunications indus

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer18 PSO-200Setting File AutonamingSetting File AutonamingAutonaming helps you create a predefined file naming

Measurement Definitions252 PSO-200Measurements for Constellation ChartsMeasurements for Constellation ChartsConstellation chart measurements refer to

Measurement DefinitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 253Measurements for Constellation ChartsError Vector MagnitudeThe deviation of an acquired signal s

Measurement Definitions254 PSO-200Measurements for Constellation ChartsPhase ErrorThe phase error (EP) describes the deviation of phase from the ideal

Measurement DefinitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 255Measurements for Constellation ChartsQuadrature-Phase ErrorThe quadrature-phase error (EQ) is th

Measurement Definitions256 PSO-200Measurements for Constellation ChartsQuadrature ErrorQuadrature error appears when the I and Q channels are not oper

Measurement DefinitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 257Measurements for Constellation ChartsSignal-To-Noise RatioThe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) comput

Measurement Definitions258 PSO-200Measurements for Eye DiagramsMeasurements for Eye DiagramsEye diagram measurements refer to measurements conducted i

Measurement DefinitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 259Measurements for Eye DiagramsContrast RatioThe contrast ratio (CR) is only defined for RZ format

Measurement Definitions260 PSO-200Measurements for Eye DiagramsDuty CycleThe duty cycle is defined only for RZ formats as the ratio between the pulse

Measurement DefinitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 261Measurements for Eye DiagramsExtinction RatioThe extinction ratio (ER) of an eye diagram is only

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 19Setting File Autonaming4. Define the autonaming scheme. A sample file name sho

Measurement Definitions262 PSO-200Measurements for Eye DiagramsPulse WidthThe pulse width measurement only applies to RZ formats. From a thin horizont

Measurement DefinitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 263Measurements for Eye DiagramsRise Time and Fall Time Rise time: delay between the times where t

Measurement Definitions264 PSO-200Measurements for Eye DiagramsTiming JitterThe timing jitter of an eye diagram is a measurement of the variance in ti

Measurement DefinitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 265Measurements for Eye DiagramsIQ SkewThe IQ skew is the time difference between I and Q tributari

IndexOptical Modulation Analyzer 267Index16-QAM ... 25020%-80% thresholds ...

Index268 PSO-200chart, constellation ... 41chebyshev filter ... 76chromatic

IndexOptical Modulation Analyzer 269EVMcalculation ... 253diagram of...

Index270 PSO-200II/Q eye diagram... 44icon, application... 12identifica

IndexOptical Modulation Analyzer 271Mmagnitudeerror ... 253error vector. see EVMeye diagram...

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer20 PSO-200Identifying AcquisitionsIdentifying AcquisitionsSetting up acquisition information can save you ti

Index272 PSO-200patternbit... 16diagram ... 47len

IndexOptical Modulation Analyzer 273remote controlcommands... 133indicator ...

Index274 PSO-200Ttablescopy to clipboard... 114measurement... 56tabs...

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Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 21Identifying Acquisitions3. Select the Equipment Under Test and Location Inform

ContentsOptical Modulation Analyzer iiiContentsCertification Information ...

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer22 PSO-200Setting Analysis ParametersSetting Analysis ParametersThe signal can be analyzed while being acqui

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 23Setting Analysis ParametersTo set the analysis parameters:1. From the Settings

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer24 PSO-200Using Special Modulation ModesUsing Special Modulation ModesIn some situations, when the input sig

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 25Using Special Modulation ModesThe figure below shows an example of intensity s

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer26 PSO-200Using Special Modulation ModesTo select a special modulation mode and activate optional algorithms

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 27Using an External Local OscillatorUsing an External Local OscillatorThe Extern

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer28 PSO-200Using an External Local OscillatorBy default, the application automatically calibrates the externa

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 29Using an External Local OscillatorTo enable the external local oscillator:1. F

Setting Up the Optical Modulation Analyzer30 PSO-200Using an External Local Oscillator3. If necessary only, disable the automatic calibration by clear

Setting Up the Optical Modulation AnalyzerOptical Modulation Analyzer 31Locking the Remote UnitLocking the Remote UnitIf you control the unit remotely

Contentsiv PSO-2007 Viewing and Analyzing Results ...49Opening an Existing Acquisition

Optical Modulation Analyzer 335 Performing AcquisitionsStarting and Stopping an AcquisitionOnce you start an acquisition, it will continue until you s

Performing Acquisitions34 PSO-200Clearing Data During an AcquisitionClearing Data During an AcquisitionWhile an acquisition is in progress, you can cl

Performing AcquisitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 35Saving Acquisitions to a FileSaving Acquisitions to a FileOnce an acquisition is completed, you c

Performing Acquisitions36 PSO-200Activating Trigger-Based AcquisitionsActivating Trigger-Based AcquisitionsYou could use an external equipment, such a

Performing AcquisitionsOptical Modulation Analyzer 37Activating Trigger-Based AcquisitionsTo activate triggered acquisitions:1. From the Settings menu

Optical Modulation Analyzer 396 Customizing the Graph and Data LayoutSelecting and Customizing the LayoutThe application’s main window is fully custom

Customizing the Graph and Data Layout40 PSO-200Selecting and Customizing the LayoutAt any time during of after acquisitions, you can change the displa

Customizing the Graph and Data LayoutOptical Modulation Analyzer 41Constellation ChartConstellation ChartUseful when characterizing advanced modulatio

ContentsOptical Modulation Analyzer v11 Troubleshooting ... 121Sol

Customizing the Graph and Data Layout42 PSO-200Constellation ChartThe figure below shows an example of a QPSK constellation with four points (2-bit sy

Customizing the Graph and Data LayoutOptical Modulation Analyzer 43Eye DiagramsEye DiagramsAn eye diagram is a trace of the intensity, magnitude, or p

Customizing the Graph and Data Layout44 PSO-200Eye DiagramsI/Q Eye DiagramsThe I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature) eye diagrams represent the “real” and “

Customizing the Graph and Data LayoutOptical Modulation Analyzer 45Eye DiagramsMagnitude Eye DiagramEye diagram of P(tB)1/2=|E(tB)|. No phase informat

Customizing the Graph and Data Layout46 PSO-200Eye DiagramsError Vector Magnitude (EVM) DiagramThe quality of the transmitted signal can be establishe

Customizing the Graph and Data LayoutOptical Modulation Analyzer 47Pattern DiagramsPattern DiagramsYou can view all graphs (I/Q, intensity, magnitude,

Optical Modulation Analyzer 497 Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOpening an Existing Acquisition FileYou can recall previously saved acquisition files on

Viewing and Analyzing Results50 PSO-200Viewing Acquisition InformationViewing Acquisition InformationWhen opening a previously acquired file for analy

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 51Playing Back Acquisition FilesPlaying Back Acquisition FilesOnce you have acquired bursts,

Certification Informationvi PSO-200Certification InformationNorth America Regulatory StatementThis unit was certified by an agency approved in both Ca

Viewing and Analyzing Results52 PSO-200Zooming and Moving GraphsZooming and Moving GraphsOnce you have acquired data, you can use zoom and pan functio

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 53Displaying and Setting X-Axis ValuesDisplaying and Setting X-Axis ValuesFor eye and pattern

Viewing and Analyzing Results54 PSO-200Displaying Graphs in Color Grade ModeDisplaying Graphs in Color Grade ModeThe Color Grade mode is much like usi

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 55Displaying Multiple Bursts Simultaneously (Persistence)Displaying Multiple Bursts Simultane

Viewing and Analyzing Results56 PSO-200Using the Measurement TablesUsing the Measurement TablesThe measurement table is used to view the calculated re

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 57Using the Measurement TablesTo customize the measurement table display:1. From the Settings

Viewing and Analyzing Results58 PSO-200Using Graph MarkersUsing Graph MarkersTo help you evaluate values and differences (deltas) in precise locations

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 59Using Graph MarkersTo display (or hide) markers and dashboard for a graph:Right-click on a

Viewing and Analyzing Results60 PSO-200Viewing Signal Distribution Using HistogramsViewing Signal Distribution Using HistogramsIn cases where you want

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 61Viewing Signal Distribution Using HistogramsTo display a histogram on a graph:1. Select a g

Certification InformationOptical Modulation Analyzer viiEuropean Community Declaration of ConformityEuropean Community Declaration of Conformity Ap

Viewing and Analyzing Results62 PSO-200Distinguishing Data Points from TransitionsDistinguishing Data Points from TransitionsYou can display “real dat

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 63Distinguishing Data Points from TransitionsTo highlight data points in white:From the Displ

Viewing and Analyzing Results64 PSO-200Using Pattern MasksUsing Pattern MasksYou can display masks on graphs to test signal quality and perform a quic

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 65Using Pattern MasksThe following standard masks are provided with the application:Note: Whe

Viewing and Analyzing Results66 PSO-200Using Pattern MasksTo activate and select masks:1. From the Settings menu, select Acquisition.2. Under the Anal

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 67Using Pattern MasksCreating or Editing Mask Definition FilesThe Optical Modulation Analyzer

Viewing and Analyzing Results68 PSO-200Using Pattern MasksSpecific requirements for intensity (and EVM) masks: You can enter as many coordinates (x,y

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 69Using Pattern MasksEVM masks follow the same requirements and rules as intensity masks, but

Viewing and Analyzing Results70 PSO-200Using Averaging to Improve ResultsUsing Averaging to Improve ResultsYou can improve the signal waveform (and SN

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 71Using Averaging to Improve ResultsThe averaging mode “fills the holes” by adding more and m

Viewing and Analyzing Results72 PSO-200Applying Advanced Signal Processing AlgorithmsTo activate and configure averaging:1. From the Settings menu, se

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 73Applying Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms Waveform Estimation Phase TrackingIncreases

Viewing and Analyzing Results74 PSO-200Applying Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms Chromatic Dispersion UnwrappingCompensates for chromatic disper

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 75Applying Advanced Signal Processing AlgorithmsThe following table shows algorithms availabl

Viewing and Analyzing Results76 PSO-200Applying Data FilteringApplying Data FilteringThe Optical Modulation Analyzer application allows you to apply t

Viewing and Analyzing ResultsOptical Modulation Analyzer 77Applying Data FilteringWhen you select filtering, the application also activates Average mo

Optical Modulation Analyzer 798 Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxThe following diagram illustrates the main steps and possibilities in bit pattern

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox80 PSO-200Basic Gearbox Setup DetailsBasic Gearbox Setup DetailsHere are the basic instructions to set the Gearbox

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 81Basic Gearbox Setup Details3. Select the Gearbox tab.4. Select the Gearbox layout.5.

Optical Modulation Analyzer 11 Introducing the PSO-200 Optical Modulation AnalyzerAs new advanced modulation schemes enable the transmission of high-s

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox82 PSO-200Basic Gearbox Setup Details6. Enter the offsets for the bit patterns and indicate whether they are inver

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 83Exporting Symbol PatternsExporting Symbol PatternsIf the signal data has been acquir

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox84 PSO-200Importing User-Defined Symbol PatternsImporting User-Defined Symbol PatternsYou can import a known symbo

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 85Importing User-Defined Symbol PatternsTo import a symbol pattern:1. From the Setting

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox86 PSO-200Importing User-Defined Symbol Patterns4. Click Import, then select the symbol pattern file (.osp) you wa

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 87Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxPerforming Detailed Bit Pat

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox88 PSO-200Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxGearbox Streaming TypesDepending on how the bit

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 89Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxThere are several ways to i

Bit Pattern Analysis and the Gearbox90 PSO-200Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the GearboxAPSK 1 Global stream 1 Global streamDual (X-Y)

Bit Pattern Analysis and the GearboxOptical Modulation Analyzer 91Performing Detailed Bit Pattern Analysis with the Gearbox16-QAM 1 global stream 1 gl